Follow Us
Copyright MHI © 2025 | All Rights Reserved
The warehouse automation specialist's order intake climbed by 55 percent and reached more than $1.7 billion USD for the first time in the company's history. Revenue rose slightly to $1.24 billion USD during the 2024/25 business year. Significantly improved EBIT of $57.1 million USD thanks to the successful transformation program.(Marchtrenk, Austria, October 24, 2025) Despite challenging economic conditions, the warehouse automation specialist TGW Logistics brought the 2024/2025 business year (July 1, 2024 to June 30, 2025) to a record-breaking close. At $1.24 billion USD, the revenue of the technology company, which plans and realizes highly automated logistics centers for its international customers and supports them during live operation, slightly exceeded the previous year's all-time high. The earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) rose significantly to $57.1 million USD, and the number of employees grew to 4,645."Our order intake has risen by 55 percent to $1.7 billion USD—the highest it's been in our company's history. That ensures our capacity utilization in the coming months in both production and realization. The operating result (EBIT) also experienced a significant upward trend: at $57.1 million, it increased 66 percent compared to last year. We are seeing the positive effects of the transformation program, which we successfully completed in the summer of 2025," affirms Henry Puhl, Chief Executive Officer at TGW Logistics.$61.2 million USD for the technology of tomorrowInvestments in research and development amounted to $61.2 million USD, corresponding to 4.9 percent of the revenue. Innovation has been an integral part of the company's DNA since its founding in 1969. At present, particular focus is on mobile and stationary robotics, artificial intelligence and the possibility of digitalization.Medium-sized companies and global players alike put their trust in TGW Logistics' expertise: during the 2024/25 business year, these included home appliance specialist BSH Hausgeräte, healthcare supplier OneMed, and spare parts expert AUTODOC.Dual Employee ParticipationFor the 2024/25 business year, TGW Logistics will be distributing $6.38 million USD in the form of dual employee participation—the sixth time it has done so. "In the interest of transparency and fairness, each employee will receive the same base amount. No matter whether they work in Austria, the USA or China and no matter their function," emphasizes Henry Puhl. "The fact that our employees can participate in our success is a central element in our foundation philosophy."What's more, as a foundation-owned company, TGW Logistics cannot be sold and is a stable business partner as well as a reliable employer. Two-thirds of its profits remain within the company and are invested. The other third goes to the owner, the TGW Future Private Foundation, which in turn uses at least 30 percent of that to support the charitable projects of TGW Future Wings. Those projects focus on the comprehensive personal development of children and young people.Expansion of the headquarters on scheduleThe expansion of the TGW headquarters in Marchtrenk (Austria) was launched in September 2024. Now the construction progress is clearly visible and the showcase project continues on schedule. "By the summer of 2026, we will have constructed a 172,000 ft² production hall and a highly automated storage system, laying the foundation for our planned growth over the coming years. We are investing a total of roughly $115 million USD", according to Sebastian Wolf, Chief Financial Officer at TGW Logistics. "This constitutes not only a strong affirmation of the potential of intralogistics, but also and above all of this location."About TGW LogisticsTGW Logistics is one of the leading international suppliers of material handling solutions. For over 50 years, the Austrian specialist has implemented highly automated systems for customers, including brands from A as in Adidas to Z as in Zalando. As systems integrator, TGW Logistics plans, produces, implements and services complex logistics centers – from mechatronic products and robots to control systems and software.TGW Logistics has subsidiaries in Europe, Asia and the U.S. and employs roughly 4,500 people worldwide. In the 2023/24 business year, the company generated a total revenue of 1.07 billion euros.ContactTGW Logistics GmbH+43.50.486-0tgw@tgw-group.com
Columbus, Indiana — October 22, 2025 — Toyota Material Handling North America (TMHNA), comprised of the Raymond Corporation and Toyota Material Handling brands, is making a strategic investment in Advanced Charging Technologies (ACT).ACT, a long-standing provider of charging solutions to both Raymond and Toyota, develops advanced battery charging technologies for the material handling industry. Through this investment, ACT will continue to serve TMHNA’s distribution network and expand its reach as a preferred provider of next-generation energy solutions.“This partnership with TMHNA is an important step in our future,” said Bob Istwan, CEO of ACT. “Partnering with the global leader in electric material handling equipment opens a significant channel for growth and allows us to combine our world-class product offerings to bring solutions to market faster.”As part of the investment, TMHNA will gain representation on ACT’s board of directors. Brett Wood, President and CEO of TMHNA, will serve on the board to help guide strategic direction and accelerate shared growth opportunities.“ACT has been a trusted partner for many years, providing proven, reliable technologies that support our vision of advancing sustainable, electric-powered solutions in the material handling industry,” Wood said. “Through this investment, we are strengthening that relationship while opening new opportunities to serve our customers with innovative, integrated energy solutions.”The investment marks another step in TMHNA’s long-term strategy to lead the industry in electrification, sustainability and innovation, building on its commitment to delivering cutting-edge technologies and energy storage solutions to our customers globally.For more information on TMHNA and its brands’ commitments to providing innovative energy solutions, visit Toyota Material Handling at toyotaforklift.com or The Raymond Corporation at raymondcorp.com.About Toyota Material Handling North AmericaToyota Material Handling North America (TMHNA), a global industry leader in forklift sales, is comprised of two main brands: The Raymond Corporation and Toyota Material Handling. One in three forklifts sold in North America is either a Toyota or Raymond product. With nearly 2.5 million square feet of manufacturing space, TMHNA is composed of four primary manufacturing locations: Columbus, Indiana; Greene, New York; Muscatine, Iowa; and East Chicago, Indiana, that produce more than 1,900 forklifts per week. With an annual revenue of more than $7 billion, TMHNA has more than 16,000 associates and nearly 300 dealership locations, and solutions and support centers to keep Toyota and Raymond customers operating productively throughout North America.ContactStephen Rosenberg404-644-1223stephen.rosenberg@toyotatmh.com
Des Plaines, Illinois – October 15, 2025: NOBLELIFT North America is proud to announce the launch of the ALPHA Series Pneumatic Forklifts, marking the first time in the industry that a single forklift platform has been purpose-built for both lithium-ion (ALPHA 50–60 Li) and LPG (ALPHA 50–60 LPG) power options. The ALPHA Series represents a major step forward in design efficiency, serviceability, and long-term value for indoor and outdoor operations.“Creating a forklift series that is essentially the same with the exception of how it is powered is exactly the kind of innovation and future-focused engineering you should expect from NOBLELIFT,” said Bill Pedriana, President of NOBLELIFT North America. “The ALPHA Series allows customers to choose the power source that best fits their operation, without sacrificing performance, comfort, familiarity or parts compatibility with other trucks in their fleet.”Built Tough—Powered Your Way The ALPHA 50–60 Li (5,000–6,000 lbs. capacity) delivers quiet, zero-emission performance powered by NOBLELIFT’s advanced LiFePO4 lithium-ion battery system. Designed with a heavy-duty steel chassis, mast, and axles comparable to an internal combustion truck, the lithium version combines power and durability with clean, low-maintenance operation and an onboard charger for rental fleet applications.The ALPHA 50–60 LPG offers the same rugged construction, ergonomic design, and component layout—powered instead by a Kubota 56.2 HP/2,600 rpm LPG engine. Because both models share the same core architecture, parts inventory and service requirements are significantly simplified, reducing total cost of ownership for customers and distributors alike.Future lithium conversion kits will present the opportunity for ALPHA LP forklifts to be upgraded to lithium power, which can significantly extend the operational life of the truck for those that are not ready to move to electric machines today.Key Features Across Both Models Heavy-duty steel chassis and cast axles for maximum stability 4-Way hydraulics to carriage On-demand Fully Hydrostatic Power Steering (FHPS) for smooth control Integrated side shift for precision load placement Intelligent buffering to protect the ground and cargo from damage while forks descend Multi-function Eye-Level LCD Display showing load weight, height, steering angle, speed, system diagnostics, and more Operator Presence System (OPS) that locks hydraulics and travel when operator leaves seat LED lighting suite (headlights, signals, blue safety light, strobe, and rear work light) for superior visibility Rear grab bar with horn Tilt cylinder boots to protect tilt cylinder and oil seals from the environment Ergonomic operator compartment, with adjustable steering column, and deluxe suspension seat to reduce fatigueLithium Technology AdvantagesThe ALPHA 50–60 Li uses LiFePO4 chemistry, the safest and longest-lasting lithium technology available. Each battery features a Battery Management System (BMS), thermal management, and automotive-grade high-voltage controls. The lithium system is maintenance-free, fully charges in 2–3 hours and supports opportunity charging during breaks to enable continuous multi-shift operation. NOBLELIFT backs the lithium battery cells with a 10-year or 20,000-hour warranty.Proven LPG PowerThe ALPHA 50–60 LPG delivers the same ALPHA platform performance using Kubota’s proven LPG engine for facilities that prefer internal combustion power. A swing-out tank mount ensures easy refueling access, while shared components and design continuity streamline fleet management.ApplicationsThe ALPHA Series is purpose-built for demanding environments including: Manufacturing & Production Building Materials & Construction Supply Warehousing, Distribution & Logistics Lumber, Metal & Heavy Industrial Products Freight Terminals & Cross-DockingFor more information, visit www.nobleliftna.com/alpha-50-60-li-lithium or www.nobleliftna.com/alpha-50-60-lpg.About NOBLELIFT North AmericaNOBLELIFT® North America is a global leader in Lithium technology. We manufacture a comprehensive range of high-performance, low-maintenance manual, electric, and internal combustion equipment with more than 200 categories and around 30 series of each product. Our products are designed to meet different application demands and are well accepted by our customers in more than 100 countries and regions in Europe, America, Asia, Africa and more. Products include: sit-down forklifts, rough terrain forklifts, narrow aisle forklifts, walkie-stackers, order pickers, electric pallet trucks, scissor lifts, tuggers/tow tractors, scrubbers, sweepers, automated guided vehicles (AGV’s), lift tables, manual pallet jacks and more. Noblelift® North America builds tough, durable products that deliver high productivity, low total cost of ownership, easy serviceability, and advanced ergonomic features; accompanied by outstanding parts, service, and training support. We are Noble. Expect More! For more information about our company and our products, visit www.nobleliftna.com or follow us on social media.ContactNOBLELIFT® North America847-595-7100Sparky PowellDirector of Marketingsparky@nobleliftna.com
URBX Robotic Storage System Delivers 500 Cases or Totes Per Hour Per Robot, Reaches 125 Feet High, and Eliminates Traditional Aisle RequirementsWIXOM, MI – October 8, 2025 – Integrated Systems Design (ISD) announces the launch of its URBX automated storage and retrieval system, a Cube robotic ASRS system that fundamentally changes how distribution centers, warehouses and manufacturers operations approach high-density storage and rapid fulfillment.The URBX Cube Robotics ASRS system addresses three critical pain points facing warehouse operators: insufficient floor space, unsustainable labor costs, and inadequate throughput capacity to meet ecommerce and omnichannel delivery demands."Traditional ASRS systems require aisles for cranes or forklifts. This robotic cube system eliminates that waste," states Bob Jones, Senior Analyst and Consultant at ISD. "You're storing inventory in what used to be empty air. That matters when you're paying $15 per square foot."The Floor Space Problem Gets WorseDistribution centers and warehouses face a fundamental constraint—they're running out of room. Adding square footage increases inefficiencies and wastes valuable time. Industrial real estate rates continue climbing. Building new facilities takes 18-24 months and requires capital expenditures that strain budgets.Meanwhile, inventory requirements increase. SKU proliferation forces warehouses to stock more items in more variations. Ecommerce returns add to storage demands. Safety stock levels rise to buffer against supply chain disruptions.The math doesn't work. You need 40% more storage capacity but can't expand your footprint. Traditional solutions—racking configurations, mezzanines, off-site storage— don't solve the core problem."We've seen operations store inventory in trailers parked in their lots," Romaine explains. "That's not a storage strategy. That's desperation. You can't efficiently pick from a trailer 200 yards from your packing stations. I’ve seen a facility that parked trailers permanently at non-essential dock doors and just kept the doors open and utilized it as storage. This creates hazards and congestion and simply indicates a much larger problem… lack of floor space."How URBX Cube Robotics ASRS Changes the EquationThe new ISD URBX Cube robotic ASRS operates on different principles than conventional crane and aisle and other Cube automated storage systems.Instead of using cranes moving through fixed aisles, autonomous robots traverse a three- dimensional grid structure. They climb vertically and move horizontally without dedicated travel lanes. Each robot accesses any storage location within the grid. The system stores totes in a dense Cube arrangement—eliminating the wasted aisle space that traditional ASRS requires.The storage density improvements are significant. A Cube robotic system typically achieves 3-4 times the storage capacity of conventional racking in the same footprint. The system reaches heights up to 125 feet—utilizing vertical space, which most facilities leave empty.Each robot handles up to 100 pounds and completes up to 500 presentations per hour. That's 1000 transactions hourly when counting both storage and retrieval operations.Multiple robots work simultaneously within the same grid structure, scaling throughput based on demand."Think of it as three-dimensional chess," notes Ed Romaine, VP Marketing and Business Development at ISD. "The robots know where every tote or case sits. AI-driven software constantly optimizes their pathways.They're storing popular SKUs in easily accessible locations and moving slow-movers to deeper positions—automatically, continuously, without human intervention."Technical Specifications That MatterThe system's capabilities address real operational requirements:Storage Performance• Handles cases and/or totes• Maximum height: 125 feet• Load capacity: up to 100 pounds per tote• Tote or case handling rate: 500 per hour per robot• Transaction rate: 1000 storage/retrieval cycles per robot hourly• Tote and case dimensions: accommodates 6-inch to 24-inch containers for maximum flexibilityIntegration Capabilities• Compatible with standard conveyor systems• Interfaces with warehouse management software (WMS), warehouse control systems (WCS) and/or warehouse execution systems (WES)• Integrates with existing pick-to-light and goods-to-person technologies• Integrates with palletizers and outbound shipping systemsOperational Features• Machine learning algorithms optimize robot tasking and routing• AI-driven grid technology maximizes throughput• Vision systems detect dimensions, anomalies, and barcodes• Redundant robot fleet ensures continuous operationSystem Architecture• Modular design allows phased implementation• Scalable configuration grows with business requirements• Fault-tolerant operation continues during individual robot maintenance• Remote monitoring enables predictive maintenanceReal-World ApplicationsThe Cube robotic ASRS serves multiple industries facing storage and throughput challenges.Ecommerce operations benefit from rapid order fulfillment speeds and high inventory visibility. The system handles split-case picking efficiently—a critical requirement for direct-to-consumer fulfillment.Case handling applications allows organizations to cost-effectively store, sequence, buffer, stage, and retrieve cases automatically without any human intervention.Retail distribution centers use the technology for omnichannel order processing. The same system fulfills store replenishment orders and individual customer shipments without reconfiguration.Third-party logistics providers leverage the system's flexibility to serve multiple clients from shared facilities. They reconfigure storage allocations quickly as customer requirements change.Pharmaceutical distributors appreciate the system's accuracy and inventory control capabilities. The technology provides real-time location tracking and supports first-expired-first-out (FEFO) picking strategies.Electronics manufacturers utilize the system for component storage and kitting operations. The high-density storage accommodates thousands of low-volume SKUs in minimal floor space."One automotive parts distributor we worked with needed to double their SKU count without expanding their building," Romaine states. "Traditional racking couldn't deliver that. The Cube robotic system gave them 3.5 times their previous storage capacity in the same footprint. They canceled a planned facility expansion that would have cost $12 million."URBX Cube Robotics ASRS Implementation ApproachISD's OptimalOps-Process framework guides Cube robotic ASRS implementations from initial assessment through system validation.The process starts with comprehensive data analysis. ISD examines order profiles, SKU velocity, inventory characteristics, and workflow patterns. This analysis determines optimal system sizing and configuration.Design work considers both upstream and downstream operations. The Cube ASRS doesn't operate in isolation—it connects to receiving processes, picking workstations, packing stations, and shipping sorters. ISD designs these integration points for seamless material flow.Implementation planning addresses operational continuity. Most facilities can't shut down for system installation. ISD develops phased deployment strategies that maintain operations during construction and commissioning.Training programs prepare staff for new workflows. Technology changes how workers interact with inventory. Comprehensive training ensures smooth transitions and rapid productivity ramp-up."The technology works beautifully—when it's implemented correctly," Romaine emphasizes. "Poor integration kills ROI. We've seen expensive systems underperform because nobody thought about how totes move from receiving to the ASRS input, or how picked orders flow to packing stations. You need integrators who understand the entire workflow, not just the equipment."Return on Investment Factors for URBX Cube Robotics ASRSCube robotic ASRS investments typically deliver ROI through multiple operationalimprovements:Labor Reduction Manual picking requires workers to travel, search, and retrieve items. The Cube system brings inventory to stationary picking positions. Labor productivity typically improves 3-4 times compared to manual operations.Space Optimization Increased storage density eliminates expansion requirements.Organizations avoid capital expenditures for building additions or new facilities. Some operations consolidate multiple locations into single automated facilities.Accuracy Improvement Automated storage and retrieval eliminates location errors. Vision systems verify tote contents. Pick accuracy typically exceeds 99.9%—reducing returns, customer complaints, and reshipment costs.Throughput Capacity The system scales throughput by adding robots to the grid structure. Organizations handle peak volumes without temporary labor surges or overtime expenses.Inventory Visibility Real-time location tracking provides accurate inventory data. Organizations reduce safety stock requirements and improve inventory turns."One Ecommerce operation calculated their payback at 22 months," notes Romaine. "They eliminated 18 picking positions, gained 12,000 additional pallet positions, and improved order accuracy from 98.1% to 99.7%. Those aren't hypothetical benefits. They're documented results measured six months post implementation."Why ISD as Your URBX Cube Robotics ASRS Integration PartnerISD brings 60-plus years of warehouse automation experience to Cube robotic ASRS implementations. The company's OEM-agnostic approach ensures clients receive optimal solutions rather than vendor-locked specifications.ISD's expertise extends beyond equipment installation. The company analyzes entire facility operations—from receiving through shipping—designing integrated solutions that maximize performance across all processes.The OptimalOps-Process framework provides systematic methodology for assessment, design, implementation, and validation. This structured approach minimizes risk and accelerates time to full productivity.ISD maintains relationships with leading material handling equipment manufacturers. This network provides access to proven technologies and ensures long-term support availability."We're integrators who happen to manufacture some products—not manufacturers trying to be integrators," Romaine concludes. "That difference matters. We recommend Cube robotics if it's the right solution. We recommend other technologies when they fit better.Your operational success is our success. We're partners, not vendors."For organizations evaluating automated storage solutions or seeking to optimize existing warehouse operations, ISD offers free consultations to assess operational performance and identify improvement opportunities.About ISD - Integrated Systems DesignISD is a leading systems integrator specializing in warehouse, distribution, and manufacturing operations, as well as an OEM provider of the UltraStore Mid-Load ASRS system. Our proprietary OptimalOps-Process™ features an 8-step framework designed to enhance operational efficiency, reduce costs, expedite ROI, and future-proof operations by optimizing picking, sorting, packing, and shipping processes.At ISD, we prioritize collaboration, working closely with clients to define objectives, conduct comprehensive data analyses, and implement strategic planning. This partnership creates high-performance, tailored solutions that align with operational and business KPIs.Our extensive offerings encompass conveyor systems, Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS), Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs), robotics, sortation systems, warehouse software, pallet handling, packaging automation, and order fulfillment technologies.With 60-plus years of experience and an OEM-agnostic approach, ISD delivers customized solutions that maximize ROI and operational effectiveness. For more information, visit www.isddd.comVideo Link: https://youtu.be/vfHuAcZZpNQContactEd RomaineChief Marketing Officereromaine@isddd.com.
Fundamentals of Warehousing and Distribution, Volume 3: Warehouse and Personal Performance builds on the equipment and process knowledge introduced in Volumes 1 and 2. This volume shifts the focus to how facilities, equipment, and employees work together to drive warehouse performance. The textbook examines how companies measure performance, how worker and manager contributions affect success, and how design and equipment choices support operational goals. Five case studies illustrate these concepts, covering conventional, semi-automated, and automated facilities, along with cross-docking and direct-to-consumer warehouses. Students are also encouraged to create their own case study of a local facility, linking classroom learning to real-world practice. Publication Date: 2025. For more information or quotes on special quantity shipping, contact the MHI Knowledge Team (education@mhi.org).
Volume 4: Developing Your Soft Skills - Making a Successful Leap from the Classroom to the Workplace is the final textbook in the Fundamentals of Warehousing and Distribution series. The first three volumes in the series gave you an understanding of warehousing, distribution, and the technologies that play a critical role in the supply chain. Volumes 1 and 2 introduced the equipment, technologies, and processes used by all warehouses and distribution centers. Volume 3 described the most common types of warehouse designs, how they perform, and how they differ. This volume will help prepare you for your job in the workplace and help you refine the skills that will help you succeed and grow your career. The goal of this volume is to familiarize you with the responsibilities of the workplace beyond a basic job description and give you the tools you need to succeed. Many of the skills you’ve developed during your school years will help you succeed in the working world. Time management, organization, self-discipline, and relationship building are just as important as the mathematics and grammar skills you’ve practiced as part of your schoolwork. This know-how, along with your understanding of materials-handling equipment and systems, will serve you well in the workplace. Publication Date: 2025. For more information or quotes on special quantity shipping, contact the MHI Knowledge Team (education@mhi.org).
This handbook provides an overview of the different possible functional applications of conveyors and sortation systems within warehouses and distribution centers. Its purpose is to give an overview into some of the ways in which conveyors and sortation systems can be potentially deployed throughout a variety of inventory handling processes. Examples range from manual operations to highly automated facilities; technical specifications are not included.
When you’re manufacturing product for a customer, the final step in the packaging process usually to place containers of products onto a pallet for shipping – either to a distribution center or directly to your customer – so it’s a pretty important step. However, manual palletization (employees physically putting containers on pallets) is often considered one of the least desirable activities; the containers are heavy to lift and in many cases the position on the pallet requires extended reaching. It can be a back breaking job and it may even be causing employee safety concerns for the company. But there is another option. Robotic palletizing exists, and it can be a solution for your company.
Presented by: The Conveyor and Sortation Systems (CSS) MHI Industry Group As automation reshapes the modern supply chain, the integration between packaging and material handling is more important than ever. In this session, experts from the Conveyor and Sortation Systems (CSS) Industry Group will explore how automation technologies—such as conveyors, sorters, and smart controls—are creating seamless transitions from packaging lines to warehouse and distribution operations. Attendees will learn: The key touchpoints where packaging and material handling intersect How automation reduces bottlenecks, labor costs, and product damage Real-world examples of integrated systems across e-commerce, CPG, and food & beverage Best practices for evaluating and selecting automation solutions The role of data and software in connecting packaging equipment with material flow systems Whether you’re a packaging engineer, operations leader, or supply chain strategist, this session will help you better understand how collaboration between sectors is driving scalable, sustainable automation strategies. Session Presented by CSS Colin Cartwright Director of Industry Development – Packaging NA at Murrelektronik Dr. Helge Hornis Director of Technology, Americas at Pepperl+Fuchs Allison Myers Director of Marketing & Communications at Fives Intralogistics Corp. Chris Thompson Sr. Marketing Communications Manager at Duravant 📅 Tuesday, September 30 🕧 12:30 PM – 1:00 PM 📍 Industry Speaks Stage (W-4324) 🔗 View full session details on the PACK EXPO website
As the only conference dedicated to warehousing and distribution center operations, the WERC 2025 conference is your gateway for opportunities to elevate efficiency and gain a clear vision of what it takes to succeed in the future. From June 8-11 in New Orleans, the WERC Conference offers exclusive access to a community of the best minds in the warehousing and distribution center space. Immerse yourself in an educational experience like no other, led by operations experts covering a variety of topics from cutting-edge technology, best practices, and leading trends. Take advantage of peer-to-peer talks, benchmark your operations against industry standards and gain actionable insights that will propel your organization forward. Whether you're an experienced leader or new to the industry, WERC 2025 promises to open your eyes to new possibilities for future success. Join the community of warehousing and distribution center professionals leading the industry with vision and passion.
For warehouses and distribution centers, Destuff-it™ portable ergonomic conveyors provide a safe and efficient solution for handling floor-stacked packages in shipping containers or related vessels.
The challenge was to engineer a system of catch nets to protect employees working under a fast moving overhead conveyor system. In addition, the caught objects must remain undamaged and be retrieved quickly without impeding the workflow.
A brand new BWU6 fulfilment centre in Sydney needed a solid barrier to protect pedestrians, equipment and infrastructure from forklift collisions. The distribution centre had several intersecting traffic streams. This made the risk of collisions very high. Boplan's safety expertise was called upon. Boplan's partner - NPSG Australia - installed various safety solutions such as the TB 400 PLUS, a robust collision protection system with handrails that not only protects against collisions but also guides pedestrians.
Fahrenheit Logistics Netherlands BV, a leading distribution company and part of the Famalco Group, required robust, durable and visually appealing safety solutions to protect both employees and infrastructure in their new distribution centre from intensive forklift traffic. Boplan delivered and installed various protection products, including bollards, safety barriers, and kick rails, which make a significant contribution to the safety and efficiency of the working environment.
In the dynamic world of material handling, where the efficiency and safety of operations hinge on the reliability of equipment, the often-overlooked heroes are the casters and wheels. Both play a pivotal role in the seamless movement of loads through industrial environments, yet the intricacies of selecting the right ones are often underestimated.Before you add to cart consider these common mistakes to avoid.Ignoring Load Limits: The Pitfalls of Overlooking Capacity RequirementsExceeding the recommended load capacity of casters can result in premature wear, damage, and failure. Most loads don't maintain an even weightacross the length and width of the platform. An off-center load could overload even the most durable casters. If a caster fails due to excessive weight, it can potentially cause injuries to workers and damage to products or infrastructure.It's crucial to accurately assess load requirements and choose casters that can accommodate the appropriate load capacity (including the weight of your cart!) Pro Tip: For optimal load distribution and safety, the common mistake of dividing the load capacity by 4 overlooks crucial factors. Instead, we advise dividing by 3 to account for potential uneven floors and to ensure stability. There are two reasons for this: First, on uneven surfaces, 3 or fewer casters bear a greater load, emphasizing the importance of ensuring the load can be adequately supported by 3 casters for operator safety and equipment integrity.Second, unpredictable load distribution necessitates planning for potential shifts, whether due to floor irregularities or weight imbalances. Adjusting the load rating accordingly ensures a proactive approach to prevent potential issues.Material Mismatch: Why the Right Wheel Matters for Your EnvironmentWheels are used in material handling because they significantly reduce the force required to move an object. Think about the force needed to push a heavy box across a floor. Static friction demands a specific applied force to initiate motion, and once in motion, dynamic friction insists on a consistent force to sustain it. The person exerting the force encounters a delicate balance: their applied force against the friction force generated by the box's weight and the floor. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the factors that impact caster performance.Will it navigate rough or uneven floor conditions? Is floor protection a priority? Does noise or speed play a role? Will the wheel be subjected to washdown or high-heat applications? These are the questions that guide the meticulous selection of the right caster and wheel.The complexities within polyurethane wheels alone can create paralysis in selecting the right type. Add in metal, nylon, rubber, and pneumatic, and it becomes even more crucial to comprehend the environment the wheel will be working in. Choosing caster materials unsuitable for the environment can have a significant impact on rolling resistance, triggering a waterfall effect of potential issues including compromised performance and durability, premature wear, failure, and a more strenuous work environment.Pro Tip: Casters and wheels come in various shapes, sizes, and materials to match unique performance requirements. Some roll-on tracks and temperatures up to 500F. Others bear 40,000-pound loads inside and outside the factory. Gather application data and choose an industrial caster/wheel manufacturer (or distributor) that you trust to help you select the right caster. Taking these extra steps will prevent headaches down the road. RELATED: Casters, Wheels, and Accessories GuideMaintaining Momentum: Why Speed Matters Most casters are rated for walking speed (3-5 mph), but sometimes the need for speed extends beyond this. Faster speeds require a caster that can not only withstand the increased velocity but also the increased severity of impacts. When towing loads at accelerated paces, it becomes imperative to assess not only the wheel material but the bearing type as well.Precision ball bearings can typically handle higher speeds and radial forces. These bearings are best for manual applications due to lower start-up forces. Wheels used in towing applications benefit from tapered wheel bearings as they run at higher speeds and encounter turns under load. These bearings are best for side load conditions as well as higher industrial speeds. Pushing the speed boundaries requires casters that can keep up without compromising performance or safety.Pro Tip: Larger wheel diameters and axles, more robust swivel construction, and bearing selection are critical components that enhance casters' overall performance and endurance at higher speeds. Overlooking Safety Standards: Don’t Put Your Workplace at RiskAccording to the Spine Research Institute at The Ohio State University, over 1.3 billion people suffer from musculoskeletal disorders that lead to low back, neck, shoulder, and other joint pain. While the causal pathways of these disorders are influenced by a multitude of factors, the workplace environment is a consideration.Adhering to safety standards ensures casters used in material handling meet specific load capacity, durability, and design criteria. This compliance is directly tied to workplace safety, reducing the risk of accidents, injuries, and damage to both personnel and property. Following safety standards helps create a safer working environment by ensuring casters can withstand the demands of the application.Pro Tip: Ask if the manufacturer is a member of the Institute of Caster and Wheel Manufacturers (ICWM), a Material Handling Institute (MHI) subgroup. Members are committed to safety and must adhere to certain criteria such as the American National Standard ANSI ICWM-2018, Vocabulary, Performance, and Testing Requirements for Casters and Wheels. This Standard is intended to guide owners, users, designers, purchasers, and/or specifiers of material handling equipment or systems.Neglecting Maintenance: The Silent Killer of Caster LongevityAccording to Forbes, unplanned/unscheduled downtime represents one of the costliest events at any manufacturing plant. Specific to casters, failing to perform regular maintenance, such as cleaning and lubrication, can lead to the accumulation of foreign objects and debris on caster components. This accelerates wear and tear, shortening the lifespan of the casters and increasing the risk of failure and unplanned downtime.Alternatively, planned downtime is a proactive approach to preventing breakdowns, and the build-up of contaminants within your caster to prolong the life of your equipment. Should you be using a caster that is not maintenance-free, it is important to implement a routine maintenance schedule that includes cleaning, inspection, and lubrication of caster components. Pro Tip: Have you considered maintenance-free casters? These casters minimize downtime and reduce maintenance costs by eliminating the need for lubrication or regular upkeep. Featuring sealed precision bearings and durable construction, they provide consistent performance, enhanced safety, and cleaner operation. Perfect for lean manufacturing, automated systems, and industries like aerospace, automotive manufacturing, healthcare, logistics, electronics assembly, cleanrooms, and renewable energy.As we understand the pitfalls explored above, it becomes evident that the right caster choice is not just about functionality but a commitment to safety, efficiency, and longevity. So, before you proceed with your next caster purchase, remember the cardinal rules: respect load limits, choose materials wisely, embrace routine maintenance, adhere to safety standards, and consider the often-underestimated factor – velocity. Each decision contributes to a chain reaction of reliability and performance in the workplace.Never consider casters and wheels a commodity; rather consider them the foundation of a safe, efficient, and enduring material handling environment.For more information visit hamiltoncaster.com or www.mhi.org/icwm.
The Season of StrainFrom warehousing to manufacturing to hospitals, workers experience heightened strain when completing tasks, particularly those involving pushing and pulling. Whether maneuvering a material handling cart or a hospital bed, employees’ backs endure stress from high exertion forces. While this is a year-round challenge, the period between Thanksgiving and New Year’s amplifies the risks.Seasonal pressures stem from worsening weather conditions and increased workloads amongst many other factors that lead 2 in 5 companies to see a rise in injuries during the holiday season (OHS Canada, 2024). For example, healthcare workers often operate with a skeleton crew during the holidays, yet patient numbers and thus the demand for patient engagement spikes (Continuing Care Safety Association, 2022). In warehousing and manufacturing, consumer spending surges drive a demand for faster production and delivery. The pressure to ensure customers receive their products on time is intensified by potential postal delays and logistical challenges.From the carts we push to the beds we pull; the holiday season heightens the strain workers face. Effective communication becomes even more essential in these fast-paced, noisy environments. Misunderstandings Misunderstandings between “no” and “go” in a warehouse or hospital can lead to critical mistakes. Addressing push/pull injury risks, improving operational efficiency, and ensuring clear communication are key to overcoming holiday challenges. The right ergonomic caster can play a significant role in mitigating these issues.Are Your Casters Ready to Handle the Holidays?Here are some ways ergonomic casters help reduce holiday-season hazards:Push/Pull Forces When operators exert significant strength to move a cart, they face a primary ergonomic risk factor: force. Excessive push forces can lead to acute injuries, such as muscle strains, and chronic injuries that develop over time, particularly in the lower back. Ergonomic casters help reduce push/pull forces, including the initial force, the sustained force, and the swiveling force—which occurs when the wheels are perpendicular to travel, often the worst-case scenario. These reductions are achieved through thoughtful design elements and carefully chosen wheel materials integrated into ergonomic casters. Overall Rig Design Components like precision ball bearings and Kingpinless casters promote better ergonomics by decreasing push/pull forces, providing maintenance-free use, and eliminating single points of failure to enhance durability. Some Kingpinless casters’ permit modular designs which allows for adjustments to meet increased seasonal demands. Additional wheels can be added to improve maneuverability and push/pull performance, ensuring operations stay safe and efficient under holiday pressure.Caster Offset Caster offset refers to the distance between the swivel head’s center and the wheel axle. Without an offset, loaded wheels experience direct compression, increasing the force required to move the cart. By introducing a caster offset, the wheel pivots more easily, reducing push/pull forces. However, offset designs must be carefully engineered. Excessive offset can create tripping hazards as the caster extends beyond the cart’s footprint. Additionally, insufficient reinforcement of the offset can lead to deformation under heavy loads. Conversely, over-reinforcing the caster can increase its weight, creating new handling challenges. So, ensure the offset meets the requirements of the task, the environment, and the cart operator.Wheel Material Wheel material significantly influences push/pull forces and other ergonomic considerations. Very hard wheels excel in clean environments with hard flooring, such as concrete, due to their low coefficient of friction. However, in less controlled environments like shop floors, their push/pull performance may decline. Softer, resilient materials are ideal for environments with debris and uneven flooring, where harder materials often fail. The lower durometer wheel can absorb the impact of these environmental characteristics. Loud environments, whether in hospitals or distribution centers, can compromise safety and efficiency. Ergonomic casters with noise-reducing materials absorb shocks and reduce noise, addressing common secondary ergonomic risk factors while not being impeded push/pull performance. These materials promote safer, more efficient workplaces, ensuring smoother operations during the busiest time of year, particularly when housekeeping is less frequent.Not all wheel materials perform equally across facility environments. While improving push/pull performance is critical, it’s also essential to account for other ergonomic and operational risks when selecting the right wheel material.Wrapping It UpThe holiday season brings heightened demands and increased risks for workers across industries. Ergonomic casters can significantly reduce these risks by lowering push/pull forces, improving cart maneuverability, and enhancing communication through noise reduction. Selecting the right wheel material is critical to optimizing caster performance. Investing in ergonomic caster solutions ensures that your workforce remains safe, productive, and ready to handle the holiday rush.
Click Here to Read More
Click Here to Read More
The always-on, lights-out distribution center has been a conversation point in the supply chain space for years. Many industry professionals look to that ideal as inspiration while building automation into their processes and designing for end-to-end connectivity. Now that we are seeing more use cases for agentic AI, are we meaningfully closer to a DC that can truly operate without any human intervention?Discussing this idea are Warren Owen, VP of Solution Consultants at Netstock; Karl Sanchack, COO of Carnegie Foundry; and Thomas Zoehrer, CEO and Co-Founder of SSy.AI.
Explore how supply chain professionals can future-proof their warehouses’ design and construction by embracing innovations and structural knowledge to build resilient, scalable, and efficient facilities—ensuring long-term success in an ever-changing industry.
Join WERC leaders Arch Thomason and Will Sparks as they delve into the unique value of WERC membership for warehousing and distribution center professionals including the new team membership offerings and the added value they offer including the new Distribution Logistics Education Program.
Join Luke Nuber and Jeremy Fultz in this MHI cast episode as they discuss the integration of automation in distribution centers. Learn about the benefits for companies of all sizes, strategies for adaptability and scalability. Explore how automation optimizes space utilization in warehouses and DCs with expanding SKU assortments, and the role it plays in driving efficiency and growth.
Robotics and Automation topped distributive technologies that would provide companies with competitive advantages in the next ten years since MHI started publishing its Industry Annual Reports, and the year 2024 was no different. We are on the verge of a significant increase in robotics adoption due to the increasing sophistication of robotic systems that can autonomously perform tasks such as picking, packing, and data-driven decision-making. Key technologies like sensors, vision systems, machine learning, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and edge/cloud computing are converging to enable more autonomous robotics. While such technological advances accelerate the adaptation of robotics in manufacturing and material handling systems, the recent social trends shape how and where robotics are used. By examining these dimensions, we aim to provide actionable insights into the transformative potential of robotics in the era of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0.
This handbook provides an overview of the different possible functional applications of conveyors and sortation systems within warehouses and distribution centers. Its purpose is to give an overview into some of the ways in which conveyors and sortation systems can be potentially deployed throughout a variety of inventory handling processes. Examples range from manual operations to highly automated facilities; technical specifications are not included.
Introduction to Conveyor and Sortation Systems: Conveyors and sortation systems allow for more efficient movement of materials within retail, wholesale, distribution, and manufacturing operations. Because they are engineered to transport and organize large volumes of materials rapidly through a process, conveyors and sortation equipment save labor expense and increase handling productivity.
The Protective Guarding Manufacturers Association (ProGMA) has published a blog to supplement its latest video on safety at pick modules. The video can be viewed at mhi.org/progma/videos.Here at ProGMA, we have produced a series of educational videos on protective guarding equipment in the material handling industry. ProGMA members provide fixed protective guarding products to protect personnel, equipment, and inventory in industrial facilities. A variety of such items are designed for installation at pick modules, which are multi-level structures typically constructed out of pallet rack that allow multiple pallets of product to be stored, broken down, picked, and packaged into specific orders for shipping.Our video is targeted at end users, system integrators, material handling warehouse design consultants / engineers, distributors, and safety professionals in manufacturing and distribution centers in the material handling industry, as well as students studying the sector. Many household and industrial goods we interact with every day were once stored or passed through a pick module. At the distribution centers of companies like CVS Pharmacy and Rite Aid Corporation, for example, goods are stored before being repackaged and shipped to individual stores.As the 2:23min-long video says at the outset, pick modules can have several elevated levels of materials that are handled by both automation and personnel. Although everything in the material handling industry is becoming more automated, separation of full stored cases into smaller, individual shipments is still being completed manually. The size of pick modules has been increasing over the years; in the past, you may have seen a floor plus one level system, then a floor plus two levels, and now it is not uncommon to see three or even four elevated levels. This increases potential hazards.As the video continues, it is of paramount importance that proper guarding is used from the ground up to protect structures, the product they hold and, most importantly, the people working within and around them. Rack upright columns can be difficult to replace and costly to repair because often the area has to be closed off, product has to be removed, and multiple sections need to be disassembled. These components are all dependent upon one another, so if one part fails, the entire system can fail.The video highlights three “easy and affordable” solutions: Free-standing pallet rack column protectors Post cushions Bumper guardsHowever, ProGMA members offer a variety of products for ground-level protection including guardrails, bumper guards, column protectors, bollards, rack guards, and product containment enclosures (i.e., wire mesh or netting); and for upper-level protection, such as side and back product containment enclosures (wire mesh or netting) to prevent products from falling below.What does ANSI say?The video continues, and quotes American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 6.4.3, which states that “…any gate that provides an access opening through the guards for the purpose of loading and unloading material onto a work platform shall be designed such that the elevated surface is protected by guards at all times. Gates that swing open, slide open, or lift or leave an unprotected opening in the guarding are not acceptable.”However, it is important to note that there are many mezzanines that were installed before the ANSI standards were created that used more conventional gates, such as removable, sliding, or swinging systems—and that is the same for pick modules. Systems can be retrofitted to achieve conformity with current standardization. There is no grandfather clause for ANSI (or OSHA) so all systems whether new or old should follow their guidelines. Note that many of the protective guarding products found in the video and on the ProGMA site are easily retrofittable to these older systems.As the video stresses, only dual-gate systems should be used. The same gates used on a pick module are also the preferred method for securing all elevated pallet drop areas whether they are in pick modules, on mezzanines, or on elevated work platforms such as storage or production / blending areas. The ANSI standards that recommended the use of dual-gate systems were written specifically for elevated work platforms and since a pick module is a type of elevated work platform that should be applied.The video demonstrates how a dual-gate system uses two counterbalanced and interconnected gates that are configured so when the first gate at the ledge is open, the second gate behind the pallet is closed. Fixed guarding on the sides—often the frame of the pallet rack in a pick module—prevents access into the side of the areas. This allows material to be loaded into the area while keeping employees a safe distance from the ledge and the material. When the rear / operator gate is opened, the ledge gate automatically closes, maintaining a barrier at the ledge while the pallet is accessed and picked. This creates what ProGMA calls a controlled-access area so there is always a barrier between the worker and the ledge.For information, ProGMA members that manufacture such solutions include Mezzanine Safeti-Gates Inc., Wildeck, and Heartland Engineered Products. Although companies still provide swing gates for pallet drop areas where a single pallet is loaded and staged, they are not an acceptable solution according to ANSI and could potentially create a situation where they are in violation of OSHA code.A self-closing swing gate, also featured in the video, should only be used when integrated with pallet flow lanes where multiple pallets are loaded into the system. The pallet flow lanes are pitched so the pallet rolls into the storage area. This allows the gate to immediately close once the pallet is loaded. By comparison, when used for a single pallet position without flow rails, the staged pallet would hold the swinging gate open, preventing it from closing.For securing multiple deep pallet flow lanes, a dual-gate system is the preferred safety method because not only does it make sure a barrier is in place all times for fall protection, but it also keeps people out of the pallet flow lanes when pallets are being loaded. The two types of incidents we see in these areas are falls from the ledges and pallets being pushed into the legs of employees who have entered the lane. Only the dual-gate system keeps people out of the lanes when the lane is being loaded. The self-closing swing gate, however, does secure the ledge for fall protection.Hand in gloveOftentimes, a safety aspect can be used to increase productivity. For example, the self-closing swinging gate on pallet flow lanes will allow pallets to be quickly loaded into the system. Any time the lift truck operator wants to load a pallet into the area, they just push the pallet through the swinging gates. The dual-gate system has the potential of the gates being in the incorrect position for loading, meaning that the ledge gate is closed when the lift truck is trying to replenish pallets into the area. So they can go to load but a barrier is in place preventing them from doing so.A user can power operate these gates for remote operation but often this isn’t feasible due to the number of areas. Manual operation can actually create a safer and faster environment. The position of the gates in a dual-gate system can be used as a signal between the picker up on the platform and the lift truck operator below. In other words, when the ledge gate is closed that means the picker is picking from the pallets or the area doesn’t need to be replenished.When the picker has finished in that bay or when they notice the pallets need to be replenished in that bay, they just manually close the gate near them, which opens up the ledge gate. Now the lift truck operator can look up and see which areas are safe and ready to be replenished. This is an example of a safety system helping communications among the different workers.In conclusion, it’s evident that, despite automation, people remain at the center of activity in and around pick modules. ProGMA and its members are a one-stop-shop for leading safety solutions, whether it be for preventing hazards associated with falling boxes, product, or workers; or structural protection of the system itself from impact. As the video serves to reiterate, even in automated systems there are still people moving around the facility, either on ground level or on the elevated levels. Even if people are not used for the picking of material, there are areas where empty pallets or totes are removed that need to be guarded.The product-centric video doesn’t feature specific brands, but free-standing pallet rack column protectors, post cushions, and bumper guards are available from ProGMA members including Adrian’s Safety Solutions, A-Safe USA, Bluff Manufacturing, Boplan, DamoTech, Folding Guard, Husky Rack & Wire, Heartland Engineered Products, Jesco, McCue, Slowstop Guarding, SpaceGuard Products, Steel King, Troax, VisiPlas, Wildeck, and WireCrafters.Costs range from inexpensive, light-duty products to more expensive, heavy-duty solutions. Importantly, talking with the manufacturer about the application will help source the right product/s for the facility. No two pick modules or applications are completely alike and that’s what the member companies of the ProGMA are here to help with.The ProGMA website—mhi.org/progma—features details of 22 member companies and hundreds of solutions to help companies with older systems find protective guarding solutions to update / upgrade their pick module system.See the latest video and others in the series at mhi.org/progma/videosShould you be using a ProGMA member to enhance the safety and productivity of your pick modules?About ProGMAThe Protective Guarding Manufacturers Association (ProGMA) members are the industry’s leading suppliers of fixed protective guarding products designed to protect personnel, equipment, and inventory in industrial facilities. Member companies meet regularly to review, discuss, and revise the standards for design and performance of protective guarding products used in the material handling industry. ProGMA member companies are committed to the development, maintenance, and publishing of industry standard specifications for these systems. Visit the website at mhi.org/progma.About MHIMHI is an international trade association that has represented the material handling, logistics and supply chain industry since 1945. MHI members include material handling and logistics equipment and systems manufacturers, integrators, consultants, publishers and third-party logistics providers. MHI offers education, networking and solution sourcing for their members, their customers and the industry as a whole through programming and events. The association sponsors the ProMat and MODEX expos to showcase the products and services of its member companies and to educate manufacturing and supply chain professionals.Contact for editorial enquiries: Ashley Skidmore, askidmore@mhi.org or 704-676-1190
This is a paid advertisement. Rehrig Pacific transforms beverage distribution by optimizing every step of direct store delivery to save time, reduce errors, and boost profitability. From innovative warehouse solutions and AI-powered pallet wrappers to specialized material handling tools like the Duo Lift and Duo Merch that streamline driver and merchandiser workflows, these innovations deliver a better way for customers to succeed in this fast-paced industry.
This is a paid advertisement.The rise of automated truck pallet loading and un loading has revolutionized how distribution facilities operate – increasing productivity and safety, as well as reducing truck turnaround times. Key amongst these technologies are laser-guided vehicles (LGVs), which are increasingly being utilized for loading and un loading in manufacturing and distribution facilities. The latest evolution of LGVs pack extreme improvements in battery performance, energy utilization, vehicle uptime, CO2 reduction, and enable a more integrated and space-optimized facility, making these LGVs serious systems for truck un loading , staging and loading in any manufacturing or distribution facility seeking to upgrade its operational intralogistics performance.
This is a paid advertisement. As the global leader in key and equipment management solutions, Traka delivers centralized control and visibility over the physical keys and shared devices critical to any retail, logistics, or warehousing operation. Say goodbye to manual management processes, missing keys and devices, and unauthorized access to sensitive areas and assets. When every step in your process affects profitability, Traka delivers intelligent access solutions to keep your operations secure, efficient, and transparent.
Performance & Metrics, course 5 of WERC's Distribution Logistics Education Program, will help you understand metric-driven performance management programs by creating a metrics scorecard, analyzing financial data, and applying financial metrics to assess the economic impact of logistics decisions, as well as benchmarking techniques, continuous improvement methodologies, and the use of KPI dashboards to drive strategic decisions and enhance facility performance.
Unit of measure typically associated with the uniformly distributed live and dead design loads on an elevated platform or the wind, snow, and rain loads applied to outdoor structures.
Material Handling is the movement, storage, control and protection of materials, goods and products throughout the process of manufacturing, distribution, consumption and disposal. The focus is on the methods, mechanical equipment, systems and related controls used to achieve these functions. See also, Supply Chain, Supply Chain Management, Logistics and Third Party Logistics. Note that all of referenced terms are highly interrelated and their definitions are frequently intermingled.
Institute of Caster and Wheel Manufacturers (ICWM) members are the Industry's leading suppliers of casters, wheels, and industrial trailer trucks, platform trucks and towline trucks. They supply caster and wheel solutions worldwide and in virtually every major manufacturing and distribution sector. The association was formed in 1933.
Wheeled vehicle used in the plant or distribution center, in the dock area (and in some cases also in the yard or on construction sites, to pick up, transport and deposit single loads. May be powered manually, by gasoline, propane or electrically.
If more companies really start to use robots in their distribution centers, human workers could avoid endless repetitive work. And with the help of robots, even physically disadvantaged people can find jobs on the factory floor. There’s a huge amount of upside to this, but what would the dynamic be like between these new-age co-workers?
Price: $50.00This standard is established to provide a guideline for design, testing, fabrication, and utilization of industrial storage rack decking utilized as an accessory for industrial steel storage racks that conform to ANSI MH16.1, Design, Testing, and Utilization of Industrial Steel Storage Racks. Storage rack decking is placed on beams of industrial steel storage racks to create a surface on which to place materials that can be on pallets, in containers, or in some other form.This standard applies to uniformly loaded storage rack decking applications, as well as various concentrated and partially distributed loading conditions common to storage rack applications. Storage rack decking can be fabricated from welded-wire mesh with permanently attached reinforcements, metal bar grating, composite engineered wood, corrugated metal, perforated sheet metal, or other materials that meet the performance requirements for use in storage racks.This standard does not apply to:Storage rack decking manufactured prior to date of adoption of this standard;Storage rack decking that has been improperly installed, altered, damaged, or used in any manner other than that for which it was originally intended, designed, purchased, sold, or a combination thereof;Lumber not graded or stamped by the Southern Pine Inspection Bureau (SPIB), West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau (WCLIB), or equivalent grading agency; orStorage rack decking that is intended to support any loads other than product loads (e.g., moving, or live, loads due to walking or stepping).
